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| Fatigue |
| The effect on a metal of repeated cycles of stress. If these changes in stress are of sufficient magnitude and number the metal can fracture at a stress level considerably below that of its tensile strength. |
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| Fatigue Limit |
| The maximum value of the applied alternating stress that the material can withstand without failure ever occurring. |
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| Fatigue Testing |
| A mechanical test method for determining the range of alternating (fluctuating) stresses and the number of cycles a material can withstand before failure. The stresses can be tensional, compression or torsional, or a combination. |
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| Ferrite |
| A solid solution of one or more elements in alpha or delta iron. |
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| Ferro Alloys |
| An alloy of iron containing sufficient of one or more other elements such as Si, Mn, Cr, Ti, V etc, making them of use as additions to molten steel, or cast iron, to meet an ordered specification. |
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| Flame Hardening |
| A process in which a high temperature flame is applied to the surface of a hardenable steel to convert it to austenite. The surface is then quenched to harden it. |
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| Forming |
| The process of changing the shape of sheet metal by the application of load, ie in presswork or metal spinning. |
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| Fracture Face |
| The irregular surface produced when a piece of metal is broken. |
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| Freecutting Steels |
| Steels in which specific additions, the most common being S and Pb, have been made in order to improve their machinability. |
