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| Impact Test |
| A test using, for example, an Izod or a Charpy notched specimen to determine the toughness of the metal by measuring the energy absorbed when the test specimen is fractured by a weighted pendulum. |
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| Inclusion Count |
| A quantitative assessment of the inclusion population of a metallic alloy. It is carried out microscopically on a prepared sample of the alloy and may include one or more of the following assessments: the number of inclusion particles present, their size, their shape, their type and their distribution. |
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| Inclusions |
| Particles which are usually compounds, such as oxides or sulphides, but that could also be of any substance that is essentially insoluble in the steel matrix, eg particles of lead. nclusions may occur from several sources. They may be the result deliberate additions, e.g. deoxidation (indigenous) or undesirable, e.g. entrapped slag of refractories (exogenous). |
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| Induction Hardening |
| A process for surface hardening steel in which the surface of the steel is heated to an austenitic condition, by eddy currents from an inductor coil carrying a high-frequency alternating current, and then quenched immediately to form martensite. The depth of hardening achieved can be modified by changing the frequency of the inductor coil current. To obtain sufficient hardness the steels hardened in this manner usually contain at least 0.3%C. |
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| Ingot |
| A term used to describe a block of solid steel resulting from the batch casting of liquid steel into a stationary mould made usually of cast iron. |
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| Ingot Mould |
| The container into which molten steel is poured to produce an ingot. Usually it would be made of cast iron but for the production of very large forging ingots it would be made of sand. |
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| Intercrystalline Corrosion |
| Corrosive attack occurring preferentially in the grain boundary regions of an alloy. It is also known as intergranular corrosion. |
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| Interrupted Quenching |
| A term used to describe a quenching procedure in which steel, instead of being quenched into a liquid at ambient temperature, is quenched into a liquid, usually molten salt, at some elevated temperature. When the steel has been held for sufficient time at this temperature to achieve temperature uniformity, and/or has achieved the required microstructural transformation, it is further quenched to room temperature. |
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| Iron |
| When used in the scientific or chemical sense this word refers to the chemical element Fe or to pure iron. It is the principal element present in steels and cast irons. |
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| Izod Impact Test |
| An Izod impact test is similar to a Charpy test in that the notched specimen is of the same dimensions as a Charpy test piece and the energy absorbed when the specimen is fractured by a falling pendulum is used to assess the toughness of the steel sample. In the Izod test the specimen is struck by the pendulum when it is held vertically in a vice, whereas in the Charpy test the specimen is struck when in a horizontal position. |
