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| Welding |
| Joining two or more pieces of material together by the application of heat or pressure, or both, with or without the use of the filler material. The joint is formed either by inter-diffusion across the interface or by localised melting and re-solidification. |
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| Wet film |
| Thickness of paint film (wet). |
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| Whiskers |
| A term used to describe metallic filamentary growths, barely visible to the naked eye, that can form on metals and which are stronger than the metal from which they form because of their relative freedom from defects. |
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| Wildmanstatten structure |
| A description of a characteristic type of microstructure in which a second phase forms within a parent phase in a definite geometric pattern due to the crystallographic dependency between the two phases. The structure was originally observed in meteorites but can be produced readily in many metallic alloys e.g. the distribution and morphology of ferrite when it forms in coarse-grain austenite. |
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| Wolfram |
| The earlier name given to the metal tungsten. Wolframite is the name of one of the minerals from which tungsten metal is extracted. |
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| Woody Fracture |
| A fracture which is fibrous or woody in appearance due to the elongated surfaces of separation on the fracture face. Seen particularly in fractures of wrought iron because of the presence in the material of elongated non-metallic particles. |
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| Wrought Iron |
| A commercial iron that has been largely superseded today by mild steel. Because of its mode of manufacture it contained a large amount of elongated slag particles in a predominantly ferritic matrix. |
